Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy, a serious complication of diabetes, affects the kidneys and can lead to long-term kidney damage. As the prevalence of diabetes continues to increase worldwide, it is increasingly important to elucidate diabetic nephropathy, its causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment. This blog aims to provide a comprehensive guide to help individuals better understand this condition and take proactive steps towards kidney health.

What is diabetic nephropathy?

Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive kidney disease caused by damage to the small blood vessels in the kidneys due to long-term high blood sugar. Over time, this damage can lead to impaired kidney function and, in severe cases, to kidney failure.

Causes and risk factors:

• High blood sugar: Elevated blood glucose over a long period of time contributes to kidney damage.
• Hypertension (high blood pressure): Uncontrolled high blood pressure accelerates the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
• Genetic predisposition: Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to diabetic nephropathy.
• Poorly managed diabetes: Poor diabetes control, whether due to non-adherence to medication or other factors, increases the risk of kidney complications.

Symptoms:

The early stages of diabetic nephropathy may be asymptomatic, but as the condition progresses, symptoms may include:

• Swelling of the legs, ankles, feet or hands: Due to fluid retention.
• Fatigue and weakness: These result from anemia associated with kidney dysfunction.
• Increased need to urinate: Especially at night.
• Foamy urine: An indication of excess protein in the urine.

Prevention:

• Blood sugar control: Regular monitoring and management of blood glucose levels is essential.
• Blood pressure management: Keeping your blood pressure in a healthy range is essential for preventing kidney damage.
• Healthy lifestyle: Eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly and avoiding smoking can contribute to overall well-being.

Diagnosis:

Regular screenings for individuals with diabetes are essential for early detection. Tests may include urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Management and treatment:

• Medication: ACE inhibitors and ARBs are commonly prescribed to control blood pressure and reduce proteinuria.
• Lifestyle modifications: A healthy diet, regular exercise and weight management can positively affect kidney health.
• Close monitoring: Regular check-ups for blood pressure, blood sugar and kidney function tests.

Understanding diabetic nephropathy is essential for people living with diabetes. By taking a proactive approach through regular screenings, blood sugar management and a healthy lifestyle, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of developing diabetic nephropathy and promote overall kidney health. Always consult a healthcare professional for individual advice and care.

To consult a Nephrologist at Sparsh Diagnostic Centre, call our helpline number 9830117733.

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Disclaimer:

No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.