Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in men

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections transmitted through sexual contact, affecting millions of people worldwide. For men, awareness and understanding of these infections are crucial for prevention, early detection, and treatment. This blog covers six common STDs in men: chlamydia, genital herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), gonorrhea, HIV, and trichomoniasis.

1. Chlamydia

Symptoms:

• Often asymptomatic
• Burning sensation during urination
• Discharge from the penis
• Pain and swelling in one or both testicles

Prevention:

• Use condoms during sexual activity
• Regular STD screenings

Treatment:

• Antibiotics (usually azithromycin or doxycycline)

2. Genital Herpes

Symptoms:

• Painful blisters or sores on the genitals or rectum
• Itching or burning sensations before the sores appear
• Flu-like symptoms during initial outbreak

Prevention:

• Use condoms
• Avoid sexual contact during outbreaks

Treatment:

• Antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir)

3. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Symptoms:

• Often asymptomatic
• Genital warts (small bumps on the genitals)
• Some strains can cause cancers (penile, anal, throat)

Prevention:

• HPV vaccination
• Use condoms

Treatment:

• No cure, but genital warts can be treated with prescription medication, cryotherapy, or surgery

4. Gonorrhea

Symptoms:

• Burning sensation during urination
• White, yellow, or green discharge from the penis
• Painful or swollen testicles

Prevention:

• Use condoms
• Regular STD screenings

Treatment:

• Antibiotics (usually ceftriaxone and azithromycin)

5. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Symptoms:

• Flu-like symptoms during the initial infection
• Swollen lymph nodes, fever, and night sweats
• Without treatment, it can progress to AIDS

Prevention:

• Use condoms
• Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for high-risk individuals
• Regular HIV testing

Treatment:

• Antiretroviral therapy (ART)

6. Trichomoniasis

Symptoms:

• Often asymptomatic
• Itching or irritation inside the penis
• Burning after urination or ejaculation
• Discharge from the penis

Prevention:

• Use condoms
• Regular STD screenings

Treatment:

• Antibiotics (usually metronidazole or tinidazole)

General Prevention Tips

• Regular Testing: Regular screenings for STDs, especially if you have multiple partners, can help catch infections early.
• Communication: Open and honest communication with sexual partners about STD status and prevention methods.
• Vaccination: Vaccines for HPV and Hepatitis B can prevent certain sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
• Safe Practices: Consistent use of condoms and dental dams during all types of sexual activity reduces the risk of transmission.

Understanding and recognizing the symptoms of common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in men is essential for maintaining sexual health. Early detection and treatment can prevent complications and reduce the spread of these infections. Practicing safe sex, getting regular screenings, and staying informed about sexual health are key steps in protecting yourself and your partners.

For more detailed information or personalized advice, consult with a Doctor at Sparsh Diagnostic Centre.

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Additional Reading:

• https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sexually-transmitted-infections-(stis)