Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver, causing inflammation and potentially serious complications. This blog aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the infection, including its symptoms, modes of transmission, risk factors and prevention measures.

What is Hepatitis B?

It is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), a member of the Hepadnaviridae family. The virus primarily attacks the liver, leading to acute or chronic inflammation. Unlike some other forms of hepatitis, it can lead to long-term infection, which increases the risk of serious liver diseases such as cirrhosis and liver cancer.

Symptoms:

Symptoms can vary, and some infected individuals may experience no symptoms at all.

Common symptoms include:

• Fatigue
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
• Abdominal pain or discomfort
• Dark urine
• Nausea and vomiting
• Loss of appetite

It is important to note that symptoms may appear weeks after infection, making early detection difficult.

How is it transmitted?

Hepatitis B is highly contagious and can be transmitted in a variety of ways, including:

• Contact with infected blood: It can spread through contact with infected blood, such as sharing needles or blood transfusions.
• Unprotected sex: The virus can be transmitted through unprotected sex with an infected person.
• Mother-to-child transmission: Infected mothers can transmit the virus to their children during childbirth.
• Sharing personal items: Sharing personal items such as razors or toothbrushes with an infected person can also facilitate transmission.
• Needlestick injuries: Healthcare workers are at risk of hepatitis B from accidental needlestick injuries.

Who is at risk?

Certain populations are at higher risk of contracting hepatitis B, including:

• Babies born to infected mothers: In this situation, immediate vaccination is key for newborns.
• Healthcare workers: Because of the potential for exposure to infected blood.
• Individuals having unprotected sex: Especially with multiple partners or someone infected with hepatitis B.
• People sharing needles or drug paraphernalia: This includes intravenous drug users.

Prevention:

Prevention involves a combination of vaccination and adopting safe practices:

• Vaccination: The most effective way to prevent hepatitis B is vaccination. Vaccination is recommended for all infants and adults in high-risk groups.
• Safe sex practices: Using condoms can reduce the risk of sexual transmission.
• Avoid sharing personal items: Do not share items that may come into contact with blood, such as razors or toothbrushes.
• Education and awareness: Promoting awareness of modes of transmission and promoting safe practices can help prevent the spread of the infection.

Hepatitis B is a serious health problem with potentially serious consequences if left untreated. However, through vaccination, education and adoption of safe practices, the spread can be greatly reduced. It is imperative that individuals are informed about the virus, get vaccinated, and take proactive measures to protect themselves and others from this infectious disease. Regular health checkups and early detection are also key components of effective hepatitis B management and treatment.

To get yourself tested and treated at Sparsh Diagnostic Centre, call our helpline number 9830117733.

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Disclaimer:

No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.