As men age, it’s common to experience physical, emotional, and hormonal changes. While menopause is widely recognized in women, many are unaware of a similar condition in men known as andropause, or “male menopause.”
Andropause refers to an age-related decline in testosterone levels and the associated symptoms that can impact quality of life, physical strength, mental health, and sexual function. Unlike female menopause, which has a defined endpoint (menstruation ceases), andropause occurs gradually and varies significantly from person to person.
In this in-depth guide, we’ll cover everything about andropause: what it is, why it happens, how to recognize its symptoms, and what treatment options are available.
What is Andropause?
Andropause, also called late-onset hypogonadism, is a condition in aging men characterized by a gradual decline in testosterone levels, the primary male sex hormone.
While not every man experiences it to the same degree, declining testosterone can cause various symptoms that affect physical, emotional, and sexual health.
Understanding Testosterone
Testosterone is a crucial hormone produced primarily in the testes. It plays a key role in:
Developing male reproductive organs
Regulating libido (sex drive)
Supporting sperm production
Promoting muscle and bone mass
Maintaining energy levels
Influencing mood and cognitive function
Testosterone levels peak in early adulthood and begin to decline after age 30, typically at a rate of about 1% per year. By the time a man reaches his 50s or 60s, levels may be significantly lower, leading to the symptoms associated with andropause.
Causes of Andropause
The most common cause of andropause is age-related decline in testosterone production. However, other contributing factors may include:
1. Obesity
Excess fat, especially around the abdomen, increases the conversion of testosterone to estrogen, lowering available testosterone.
2. Chronic Illness
Liver or kidney disease
3. Medications
Long-term use of steroids, opioids, and certain antidepressants can suppress testosterone production.
4. Stress and Depression
Chronic stress elevates cortisol, which negatively affects testosterone synthesis.
5. Lifestyle Factors
Poor diet
Alcohol abuse
Symptoms of Andropause
Symptoms often develop slowly and may be subtle at first. Common signs include:
Physical Symptoms:
Decreased muscle mass and strength
Increased body fat, especially abdominal
Reduced bone density (osteoporosis risk)
Sleep disturbances
Sexual Symptoms:
Reduced sperm production
Decreased penile sensitivity
Emotional and Cognitive Symptoms:
Mood swings
Depression or irritability
Difficulty concentrating
Memory issues
Loss of motivation or self-confidence
How Is Andropause Different From Menopause?
| Feature | Menopause (Women) | Andropause (Men) |
|---|---|---|
| Onset | Sudden (around age 45–55) | Gradual (from age 30–40 onward) |
| Cause | Ovarian shutdown | Gradual decline in testosterone |
| Hormone | Estrogen | Testosterone |
| Reproductive Effect | Menstruation stops; infertility | Fertility often continues |
| Symptoms | Hot flashes, mood swings, etc. | Fatigue, low libido, depression, etc. |
Diagnosis of Andropause
Diagnosing andropause requires a combination of clinical symptoms and lab tests.
1. Medical History and Physical Exam
Your doctor will ask about:
Sexual health
Energy levels
Mood and cognitive changes
Medical and medication history
2. Blood Tests
Total Testosterone: Measured in the morning when levels peak
Free Testosterone: More accurate in some cases
Luteinizing Hormone (LH): Assesses pituitary function
Prolactin: Rules out pituitary tumors
Thyroid Profile
DHEA-S: A precursor hormone
3. Bone Density Scan (DEXA)
To assess osteoporosis risk in men with long-standing low testosterone
Note: Normal total testosterone levels range between 300–1,000 ng/dL. Andropause is often suspected when levels are consistently below 300 ng/dL along with symptoms.
Treatment Options for Andropause
1. Lifestyle Changes
a. Regular Exercise
Resistance training boosts testosterone production
Cardio improves heart health and reduces belly fat
b. Healthy Diet
Include protein, healthy fats (omega-3s), and zinc
Limit sugar and processed foods
c. Weight Management
Losing abdominal fat helps improve hormonal balance
d. Sleep Hygiene
Aim for 7–9 hours of restful sleep per night
Address sleep apnea or insomnia
e. Stress Management
Yoga, meditation, and relaxation techniques can lower cortisol
2. Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT)
TRT is prescribed when testosterone levels are low and symptoms are significant.
Forms of TRT:
Gels or creams (applied to skin)
Injections (intramuscular)
Patches
Implants or pellets
Benefits of TRT:
Improved libido and erectile function
Increased energy and mood
Better muscle mass and strength
Enhanced bone density
Improved cognitive performance
Risks of TRT:
Acne or oily skin
Enlarged prostate or urinary symptoms
Worsening of sleep apnea
Decreased sperm production and infertility
Blood clots or increased red blood cells
TRT is not suitable for men with:
Severe sleep apnea
Elevated red blood cell count
Uncontrolled heart failure
Always undergo regular monitoring (testosterone, PSA, hematocrit) during TRT.
3. Psychological Counseling
For men experiencing mood disturbances, therapy can help manage anxiety, depression, or changes in self-image.
4. Alternative Supplements
Some over-the-counter products claim to boost testosterone naturally (like DHEA, ashwagandha, or zinc), but results vary, and scientific evidence is limited.
Always consult your doctor before using supplements.
Natural Ways to Boost Testosterone
Get sunlight or take Vitamin D
Eat foods rich in zinc (pumpkin seeds, eggs, shellfish)
Limit alcohol and smoking
Stay sexually active
Reduce exposure to endocrine disruptors (plastics, pesticides)
Complications of Untreated Andropause
If left unmanaged, low testosterone can lead to:
Osteoporosis and fractures
Cardiovascular disease
Type 2 diabetes
Depression and anxiety
Reduced quality of life
Sexual dysfunction and relationship stress
Andropause and Relationships
Andropause doesn’t only affect the man — it can strain intimate relationships due to reduced libido, mood changes, and communication breakdowns. Counseling and open conversations with partners can be beneficial.
FAQs on Andropause
1. At what age does andropause begin?
It typically begins after age 40 and progresses with age.
2. Is andropause reversible?
While aging can’t be reversed, lifestyle changes and treatment can manage symptoms effectively.
3. Can andropause cause depression?
Yes, low testosterone affects neurotransmitters involved in mood regulation.
4. Does every man go through andropause?
Not all men develop noticeable symptoms. The degree of hormonal decline varies.
5. How long does andropause last?
It can persist indefinitely without treatment but can be managed with proper care.
Andropause is a real and often overlooked phase of a man’s life. It doesn’t mean the end of masculinity or vitality — it’s a signal to pay attention to your body, take action, and seek support. Early recognition, a healthy lifestyle, and medical care can significantly improve quality of life.
If you’re experiencing low energy, mood swings, reduced sex drive, or any other unexplained symptoms, don’t ignore them. Talk to your healthcare provider about evaluating your testosterone levels and getting a personalized plan for managing andropause.
Visit Sparsh Diagnostic Centre for Hormonal Evaluation
At Sparsh Diagnostic Centre, we offer:
✅ Comprehensive Testosterone Testing
✅ Male Hormone Profiles
✅ DEXA Bone Density Scans
✅ Lifestyle & Treatment Guidance
✅ Endocrinologist Consultations
🕘 Centre Timings:
Mon–Sat: 7 AM – 9 PM
Sunday: 7 AM – 3 PM
📞 Contact: 9830117733 / 8335049501
🌐 Website: www.sparshdiagnostica.com
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Disclaimer:
No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.
