Hepatitis D, also known as delta hepatitis, is a lesser known but potentially serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV). This blog aims to shed light on this mysterious form of hepatitis, exploring its causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options.
Understanding Hepatitis D:
It is unique in that it cannot exist without the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Individuals infected with hepatitis B can become co-infected with delta hepatitis, leading to a more severe and often chronic form of hepatitis. Hepatitis D is transmitted through contact with infected blood and body fluids, making it a blood-borne pathogen.
Symptoms of Hepatitis D:
Symptoms can range from mild to severe, often resembling those of hepatitis B. Common symptoms include fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), abdominal pain, nausea, and dark urine. However, delta hepatitis can progress more quickly to severe liver damage compared to Hepatitis B alone.
Diagnosis:
Diagnosis involves blood tests that detect the presence of hepatitis D antibodies and HDV RNA. Since delta hepatitis requires the presence of hepatitis B, testing for both viruses is essential to identify co-infection.
Risk factors:
Certain factors increase the risk of hepatitis D, including injection drug use, unprotected sexual contact, and receiving contaminated blood products. In areas where hepatitis B is prevalent, the risk of delta hepatitis is also higher.
Prevention:
Vaccination against hepatitis B is the primary method of preventing hepatitis D. Because it depends on the presence of hepatitis B, immunization can reduce the overall risk of both infections. Additionally, practicing safe sex, avoiding sharing needles, and taking precautions with blood products can help prevent the spread of the virus.
Treatment options:
Treatment of delta hepatitis can be challenging because there is currently no specific antiviral drug approved for HDV. However, management of the underlying hepatitis B infection is critical, and in some cases antiviral drugs such as interferon-alpha may be used to suppress HDV replication. In severe cases of liver damage, a liver transplant may be considered.
Hepatitis D may not be as widely recognized as other forms of hepatitis, but its potential for serious liver damage makes it a significant problem. Increased awareness, hepatitis B vaccination, and adoption of safe practices are critical steps in preventing the spread of delta hepatitis. With continued research, it is hoped that more effective treatments will emerge, offering hope to those affected by this silent threat to liver health.
To get tested and treated for Hepatitis at Sparsh Diagnostic Centre, call our helpline number 9830117733.
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Disclaimer:
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